The Urban Economics Workshop 2022
空間情報科学研究センター（CSIS）との共催ワークショップ

  • 2023年1月27日

対面とZoomを利用したハイブリッド開催について　（In-person and Online Seminars Using Zoom)

本ワークショップは、対面とZoomを利用してのオンラインでの、ハイブリッド開催となります。 This seminar is held in-person and online.　 以下の注意事項を必ずご確認のうえご準備をお願いいたします。
Urban Economics Workshop is held in-person and online using Zoom for the time being. Please read the following instruction for participation.

■　対面会場　■
東京大学本郷キャンパス　小島ホール第3セミナー室
in Seminar Room 3 on the 2nd floor of the Kojima Hall


※登録はこちらから（For registration）⇒　https://zoom.us/meeting/register/tJMtdOqhpzsqGNaJa-XZCnU4SivLKQIZHpFJ


※　登録 (Registration)
事前登録が必須となります。 下記よりご登録いただくと、 ミーティングURLがemailで送付されます。 事前に、ご利用の端末にZoomアプリケーションのインストールをお済ませください。 （Zoomアカウントをお持ちの方は、emailにあるID, パスワードを使ってサインインして頂くことも可能です。）

Registration is required to join a seminar. Please register in advance at the following website so that detailed information containing meeting URL will be provided via email.　　Please make sure to install ZOOM Cloud Meetings (application) on your computer or cell phone in advance. (If you have a Zoom account, sign-up using ID and password included in the email is also available.)

参加までの手順は下記より事前にご確認ください。 For more details, please see the following website.
日本語　・　English

※　注意 (Note)
参加者名には、ご自分の氏名をお使い下さい。　
Please register your full name when you participate.

※　セミナー中 (During Seminars)
ご自身の音声は、質疑応答時を除き、OFFにしてください。
Please mute your microphone during a speaker's talk except for Q&A session.

音声OFFの手順 (Muting Participants in Zoom)
日本語　・　English  


以下本年度終了分

 

日時
2022年4月15日（金 Friday）17:00-18:30
場所
Zoomを使ったオンラインでの開催(事前登録制）となります。詳細は本ウェブサイト上部の説明をご確認ください。
報告

川窪悦章（London School of Economics）
"Supply Chain Dynamics and Resilience of the Economy During a Crisis"
Abstract
During a crisis, firms restructure their supply chains to minimize disruptions. The ability to restructure is the key for firms to be resilient against shocks. We focus on the Great East Japan Earthquake in 2011, which hit only a small subset of firms severely while the rest of firms did not have direct negative impacts. First, we looked at the change in non-disaster-hit firms’ choice of trading partners, and found a sudden shift from firms inside the disaster area to those elsewhere. Second, we addressed if firms diversified or concentrated their supply chains in response to the disaster. The results show that firms overall diversified but at the same time geographically concentrated their supplier network. This was done through regionalization/localization of the net- work. Third, we study the impact of pre-disaster level of productivity on the ability to restructure the supply chains. The results show that more productive firms are more actively restructuring their transaction networks after the shock. This suggests an important factor behind their superior performance.
日時
2022年5月13日（金 Friday）15:30-17:00
場所
Zoomを使ったオンラインでの開催(事前登録制）となります。詳細は本ウェブサイト上部の説明をご確認ください。
報告

田渕隆俊（中央大学）
「都市における住み替えと余暇時間」
Abstract
日時
2022年6月17日（金 Friday）15:30-18:30
場所
Zoomを使ったオンラインでの開催(事前登録制）となります。詳細は本ウェブサイト上部の説明をご確認ください。
報告

曽道智（東北大学）
"The Core-Periphery Model under Additively Separable Preferences" (Congcong Wang, Dao-Zhi Zeng, Xiwei Zhu)

林正義（東京大学）
"Anticipation, last-minute rush, and center-periphery relations: An empirical analysis of municipal mergers in the Heisei territorial reform in Japan" (Masayoshi Hayashi and Takafumi Suzuki)
Abstract

曽道智（東北大学）
This paper revisits the core-periphery model of Krugman (1991) when his CES utility is replaced by a general additively separable sub-utility which captures the income effect and allows variable markups. New evolving paths and bifurcation patterns are created by the interaction between the agglomeration force generated by monopolistic competition, increasing returns to scale, trade cost and the dispersion force resulting from the pro-competitive effect. Autarky does not necessarily produce full dispersion and free trade may not correspond to agglomeration. Moreover, the demand parameter of manufactured goods is crucial to determining the firm location.

林正義（東京大学）
Based on the theory of land price capitalization, we evaluated municipal mergers in the Heisei territorial reform in Japan by exploiting a rich set of land price data as well as policy development in the country. We obtained the following results. First, the ex-ante anticipation effect existed, and the ex-post effect varied over time. Specifically, the effect started to grow in several years before merger, and, after hitting a peak in a few years after mergers, gradually declined. These effects were however heterogeneous among merger partners. In particular, the last-minute rush into mergers in FY2005 reduced the ex-post effect on average. Also, for mergers completed in FY2004, pre-merger cities with the largest population obtained the largest and persistent benefits by far, while most of the others had no statistically significant benefits. However, such center-peripheral effects did not apply to mergers completed in FY2005.
日時
2022年7月15日（金 Friday）17:00-18:30
場所
Zoomを使ったオンラインでの開催(事前登録制）となります。詳細は本ウェブサイト上部の説明をご確認ください。
報告

山岸敦（プリンストン大学）
"Measuring Discrimination in Spatial Equilibrium: 100 Years of Japan’s Invisible Race (with Y. Sato)"
Abstract
We propose a novel approach for measuring the cost of belonging to a discriminated group based on land prices and apply it to buraku, the historically discriminated group in Japan. Buraku discrimination is distinctive in that the observed group membership changes according to geography: one is more likely to be regarded as buraku by living in certain areas (buraku areas). We incorporate this feature into a spatial equilibrium model and show that land prices of buraku areas capitalize the overall severeness of discrimination. We then utilize newly-digitized data on land prices for Kyoto spanning from 1912 to 2018 to quantify the severeness of buraku discrimination over more than 100 years. Using a spatial discontinuity design and other identification strategies, we estimate that the land price penalty of buraku areas was 51–56% in 1912 but gradually declined to 12%–18% in 2018. Thus, although buraku discrimination has substantially mitigated, it exhibits strong long-term persistence.
日時
2022年10月14日（金 Friday）17:00-18:30　※時間にご注意ください
場所
対面とZoomを使ったオンラインでのハイブリッド開催(事前登録制）となります。詳細は本ウェブサイト上部の説明をご確認ください。
報告

高橋孝明（東京大学）
Do transport infrastructure investments decentralize a city?
A theoretical revisit to the Alonso-Mills-Muth city with scale economies

Abstract
日時
2022年11月11日（金 Friday）15:30-17:00　※時間にご注意ください
場所
対面とZoomを使ったオンラインでのハイブリッド開催(事前登録制）となります。詳細は本ウェブサイト上部の説明をご確認ください。
報告

佐藤泰裕（東京大学）
Property Tax Competition: A Quantitative Assessment (with Rainald Borck and Jun Oshiro)
Abstract
We develop a model of property taxation and characterize equilibria under three alternative taxation regimes often used in the public finance literature: decentralized taxation, centralized taxation, and "rent seeking" regimes. We show that decentralized taxation results in inefficiently high tax rates, whereas centralized taxation yields a common optimal tax rate, and tax rates in the rent-seeking regime can be either inefficiently high or low. We quantify the effects of switching from the observed tax system to the three regimes for Japan and Germany. The decentralized or rent-seeking regime best describes the Japanese tax system, whereas the centralized regime does so for Germany. We also quantify the welfare effects of regime changes.
日時
2022年12月9日（金 Friday）14:00-15:30 ※時間にご注意ください
場所
Zoomを使ったオンラインでの開催(事前登録制）となります。詳細は本ウェブサイト上部の説明をご確認ください。
報告

今井雄一 (Washington University in St. Louis)
Residential Choice under Uncertainty: Brownian Motion in Idiosyncratic Taste for Location
Abstract
This paper introduces uncertainty in idiosyncratic taste for location into a monocentric city model of residential land use. Each household's idiosyncratic taste is assumed to follow a Brownian motion in space. The index variable of the Brownian motion is distance instead of time, which means that taste is a random function of distance. Each household has an initial location for which they know their taste but they do not know their taste for other locations. Brownian motion captures the idea that the extent of uncertainty is greater for far-away locations. When a household is risk averse, this uncertainty induces migration aversion in the household. In the case with two income types, I show that there may be a region in the city where two types collocate. Furthermore, in such a mixed region, the land consumption for lower income households may be decreasing in distance from the central business district. These two implications are in sharp contrast to the standard monocentric city model without uncertainty. The negative land consumption gradient is confirmed empirically using US 1990 Census of Population and Housing Summary Files and American Housing Survey 1996 Metropolitan Public User File for Atlanta.
日時
2023年1月13日（金 Friday）12:30-14:30 　※時間に注意
場所
対面とZoomを使ったオンラインでのハイブリッド開催(事前登録制）となります。詳細は本ウェブサイト上部の説明をご確認ください。
報告

修士論文報告会
12:30-14:30

報告者：ZHANG Chenyue
"Second-hand house price prediction using machine learning"
（主査：川田恵介、副査：佐藤泰裕・高橋孝明）

報告者：藤澤堯
「地域の人的資本供給とイノベーションの関係についての実証研究」
（主査：佐藤泰裕、副査：高橋孝明・別所俊一郎）

報告者：久住竜也
"How does migration vary with personal attributes?"
（主査：佐藤泰裕、副査：高橋孝明・別所俊一郎）
Abstract
日時
2023年1月13日（金 Friday）15:30-17:00, 17:00-18:30
場所
対面とZoomを使ったオンラインでのハイブリッド開催(事前登録制）となります。詳細は本ウェブサイト上部の説明をご確認ください。
報告

Martín Besfamille (Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile)
"Natural monopoly regulation with non-paying consumers" (with Nicolás Figueroa and León Guzmán)

森知也（京都大学）
"Origin of power laws and their spatial fractal structure for city-size distributions" (with Takashi Akamatsu, Yuki Takayama, and Minoru Osawa)

Abstract
日時
2023年2月24日（金 Friday）17:00-18:30
場所
対面とZoomを使ったオンラインでのハイブリッド開催(事前登録制）となります。詳細は本ウェブサイト上部の説明をご確認ください。
報告

吾郷貴紀（専修大学）
"An extended model of spatial competition"

Abstract

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