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The purpose of this paper is to review the structure and impact of the structural adjustment policies in Sub-Saharan Africa and find a set of future policy prescriptions. The failure of SAPs for the most part can be traced to the dogmatic pursuit of inappropriate policies derived from an inadequate theoretical framework by the IFIs. However, failure of governance in Africa have also been significant factors. An alternative set of SAPs and a new partnership between donors, trade partners and the Sub-Saharan African economies are proposed as part of a coherent development strategy based on Sen's concept of capabilities enhancement.