CIRJE-F-276. Ando, Munetomo and Noriyuki Yanagawa, "Cost of Enforcement in Developing Countries with Credit Market Imperfection", May 2004.

This paper examines development processes of a country when the degree of verifiability is endogenously determined. We characterize the development processes rigorously and show that although the efforts for improving of verifiability are important, the income distribution of a country is crucial for the effectiveness of efforts to the development processes. Moreover, this paper explains the situation where one country shows high growth rates temporally even if the technology of enforcement is poor, but eventually it experiences economic collapses.